Pharaoh Hound

Origins and History

The Pharaoh Hound (Canis lupus familiaris) originates from the island of Malta, where it was known as the "Kelb tal-Fenek" (rabbit dog). Historical records and ancient Egyptian art suggest a lineage dating back thousands of years, though the modern breed was formally recognized in the early 20th century. The Maltese Kennel Club established the breed standard in 1935, and the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) admitted the Pharaoh Hound to Group 6 (Hounds) in 1969.

General Characteristics

• Elegant, medium‑sized sighthound with a rectangular, well‑balanced build.
• Alert, intelligent, and independent temperament; strong prey drive.
• Originally bred for rabbit hunting; today excels in conformation, obedience, and agility.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 53‑60 cm (21‑24 in); Females 50‑57 cm (19½‑22½ in).
• Weight: Proportionate to height, typically 11‑14 kg (24‑31 lb) for males and slightly less for females.

Coat and Color

• Short, dense, glossy coat that lies close to the body.
• Accepted color is a rich tan to golden‑red with a darker mask; small white markings on the chest or tail tip are permissible.

Temperament Considerations

The Pharaoh Hound is highly intelligent and eager to please, yet retains a strong independent streak inherited from its sighthound ancestors. This can translate into occasional stubbornness if training is not engaging.

Training Essentials

• Early and consistent socialization with people, other dogs, and varied environments.
• Daily high‑energy exercise (minimum 1‑2 hours) to satisfy its hunting instinct.
• Positive‑reinforcement methods work best; avoid harsh corrections that may damage trust.
• Focus on recall and impulse control, as the breed may be prone to chase small animals.

Daily Grooming

• Brush the short coat 2‑3 times per week with a soft bristle brush to remove loose hair.
• Bathing as needed, typically every 6‑8 weeks, using a mild canine shampoo.
• Trim nails regularly; check ears weekly for debris and clean gently.
• Dental care: brush teeth several times per week or provide dental chews.

Show Preparation

• Begin a light brushing regimen 48 hours before the show to raise the coat’s natural sheen.
• Bathe 24‑48 hours prior, allowing the skin to dry completely before grooming.
• Clip nails to a uniform length to avoid clicking on the ring floor.
• Apply a light coat of grooming spray to enhance gloss, avoiding excess that can weigh the hair down.

Common Health Issues

• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) – hereditary retinal degeneration.
• Hip dysplasia – joint malformation common in medium‑sized breeds.
• Cardiomyopathy – dilated or hypertrophic forms reported in the breed.
• Hereditary cataracts and other ocular disorders.

Screening Recommendations

• Ophthalmologic exam (OFA or equivalent) by 2 years of age, then annually.
• Hip evaluation (PennHIP or OFA) before breeding.
• Cardiac auscultation and echocardiogram as part of a pre‑breeding health panel.

General Care

• Provide at least 60‑90 minutes of vigorous exercise daily; access to a safe, fenced area is ideal.
• Balanced diet formulated for active, medium‑sized dogs; monitor body condition to prevent obesity.
• Average lifespan 12‑14 years; regular veterinary wellness exams support longevity.

Disclaimer: While the information presented reflects current breed standards and veterinary consensus, individual dogs may vary. Always consult a qualified veterinarian for specific health and care advice.