Norwegian Elkhound

Origins and History

The Norwegian Elkhound (Norwegian: elghund) is an ancient spitz-type hunting dog that originated in the mountainous regions of Norway. Written records date back to the 13th century, and the breed was used by Norwegian farmers to track and bay moose (elk) and other large game. In the early 20th century the breed was standardized by the Norwegian Kennel Club (NKL) and later accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1955. The Elkhound’s stamina, courage, and keen sense of smell made it a valuable companion for both hunting and farm work.

General Characteristics

• Medium‑sized, compact, and well‑balanced with a sturdy, muscular build.
• Alert, confident, and loyal; generally friendly with family members but can be reserved with strangers.
• Originally bred for tracking and baying large game, today the breed excels in obedience, agility, and scent work.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 19.5–21.5 inches (49–55 cm); Females 18.5–20.5 inches (47–52 cm).
• Weight: Males 44–55 lb (20–25 kg); Females 33–44 lb (15–20 kg).

Coat and Color

• Double coat – outer guard hair is harsh and straight, undercoat is dense and soft; medium length, weather‑resistant.
• Accepted solid colors: gray (wolf‑gray), black, brown, or red. No markings or patches are permitted in the breed standard.

Temperament Considerations

The Norwegian Elkhound is independent and strong‑willed, traits that served well in the field but require a confident handler in the ring. The breed is eager to please but may become bored with repetitive tasks, so training should be varied and reward‑based.

Training Essentials

• Early socialization with people, children, and other dogs to mitigate reserved or territorial tendencies.
• Daily vigorous exercise – at least 1–2 hours of active play, scent work, or brisk walking.
• Positive reinforcement methods work best; avoid harsh corrections which can trigger stubbornness.
• Consistent, short training sessions (10–15 minutes) to maintain focus.

Daily Grooming

• Brush the double coat 2–3 times per week with a slicker brush or undercoat rake to remove loose hair and prevent matting.
• Bathing only as needed (typically every 6–8 weeks) to preserve natural oils.
• Trim nails regularly; keep ears clean and inspect for debris.
• Dental care – brush teeth several times a week or provide dental chews.

Show Preparation

• Begin a thorough brushing regimen 2 weeks before the show to produce a smooth, glossy coat.
• Give a light bath 3–4 days prior, followed by a thorough dry and brush.
• Clip the footpads and trim the hair around the ears and tail to meet FCI presentation standards.
• Apply a light, non‑greasy coat conditioner on the day of the show for optimal shine.

Common Health Issues

• Hip dysplasia – a hereditary orthopedic condition affecting joint stability.
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) – an inherited retinal degeneration leading to blindness.
• Hypothyroidism – endocrine disorder causing weight gain, lethargy, and skin changes.
• Elbow dysplasia and occasional epilepsy have also been reported.

Screening Recommendations

• Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) or PennHIP hip and elbow evaluations before breeding.
• CERF (Canine Eye Registration Foundation) eye exam to detect PRA and other ocular diseases.
• DNA test for PRA (if available) and regular thyroid panels.

General Care

• Provide at least 1 hour of vigorous exercise daily to maintain musculoskeletal health.
• Balanced diet formulated for medium‑sized, active breeds; monitor body condition to prevent obesity, which can exacerbate joint issues.
• Average lifespan 12–14 years; regular veterinary wellness exams are essential.

Disclaimer: While this information reflects current breed standards and veterinary consensus, individual dogs may vary. Always consult a qualified veterinarian or breed specialist for specific health and care advice.