Dachshund (miniature Wire-haired)

Origins and History

The Dachshund originated in Germany in the early 17th century as a hunting hound bred to pursue badgers, foxes, and other burrowing game. The breed’s name derives from the German words das (the) and Hund (dog), literally “the dog.” Wire‑haired varieties were developed in the 19th century when breeders introduced the wiry coat of the German Terrier to improve protection against thorns and rough terrain. The miniature size was established to create a more agile animal for small quarry, and the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and American Kennel Club (AKC) recognize the Miniature Wire‑haired Dachshund as a distinct variety within the Hound group.

General Characteristics

• Long, low‑set body with a deep chest and short, sturdy limbs.
• Bold, lively temperament; courageous despite small stature.
• Originally bred for scent work and ground‑level hunting; today excels in conformation and companion roles.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males and females not exceeding 35 cm (13.8 in) at the withers.
• Weight: Proportionate to height; typically 3.5–6.5 kg (8–14 lb).

Coat and Color

• Coat: Short, dense, harsh and wiry to the touch; may be hand‑stripped for show.
• Accepted colors and patterns: Solid black, solid chocolate, solid cinnamon, solid red, solid fawn, dapple (with or without a base colour), brindle, and combinations of these with tan points. White markings are permitted only as small, well‑defined spots on the chest, paws, or tip of the tail.

Temperament Considerations

Miniature Wire‑haired Dachshunds are intelligent and highly scent‑driven, but they can be independent and occasionally stubborn. Early, consistent socialization helps mitigate territorial or chase‑instinct behaviors that may surface in the ring or at home.

Training Essentials

• Socialization: Expose puppies to a variety of people, dogs, and environments before 16 weeks.
• Exercise needs: Short, frequent walks and play sessions; avoid excessive downhill running to protect the spine.
• Common training challenges: Tendency to dig, chase small animals, and resist recall; use positive reinforcement and short, engaging sessions.

Daily Grooming

• Brushing: Use a stiff‑bristled wire brush or grooming mitt 2–3 times per week to remove loose hair and prevent matting.
• Bathing: Bathe as needed; a mild, dog‑specific shampoo is sufficient. Over‑bathing can soften the wiry texture.
• Nail and dental care: Trim nails weekly or as needed; brush teeth several times a week to reduce dental calculus.

Show Preparation

• Pre‑show grooming timeline: Begin hand‑stripping or clipping 2–3 weeks before the show to achieve the desired harsh, wiry finish.
• Ring presentation tips: Ensure the coat lies flat against the body, highlight the deep chest and level topline, and keep the tail carried in a natural, slightly curved position.

Common Health Issues

• Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD): A hereditary predisposition due to the elongated vertebral column; weight management and avoiding high‑impact activities are essential.
• Obesity: Excess weight increases strain on the back and joints; maintain a balanced diet and regular exercise.
• Dental disease: Small mouths can lead to crowded teeth and plaque buildup; routine dental care is recommended.
• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) and cataracts: Documented in some lines; ophthalmic screening is advised.

General Care

• Exercise requirements: Moderate daily activity; short walks, play, and mental enrichment.
• Nutritional needs: High‑quality protein diet appropriate for small breeds; monitor caloric intake to prevent obesity.
• Lifespan considerations: Average 12–16 years; regular veterinary check‑ups and preventive care contribute to longevity.