Dachshund (miniature Smooth)

Origins and History

The Dachshund originated in Germany in the 16th‑17th centuries as a hunting dog bred to pursue badgers, otters, and other burrowing game. The breed’s name derives from the German words dachs (badger) and hund (dog). Selective breeding produced the characteristic long back and short limbs that allowed the dog to enter narrow tunnels. The smooth‑coated variety was the earliest type, prized for its hard‑working, fearless nature. In the late 19th century the breed was imported to the United States, where the American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the Miniature Dachshund in 1885. Since then the breed has excelled in conformation, obedience, and agility rings while retaining its hunting instincts.

General Characteristics

• Size: Small, elongated body with a compact, muscular build.
• Temperament: Bold, curious, and affectionate; can be stubborn when not motivated.
• Primary purpose: Originally a scent hound for burrowing game; today a companion and show dog.

Physical Specifications

• Height at withers: Males 5‑8 inches (13‑20 cm); Females 5‑8 inches (13‑20 cm).
• Weight: Males up to 11 lb (5 kg); Females up to 11 lb (5 kg).
• Body: Long back, level topline, deep chest, well‑arched ribcage, and a balanced, level gait.

Coat and Color

• Coat: Smooth, short, dense, and glossy; lies close to the body without a harsh texture.
• Accepted colors (AKC): Solid red, black & tan, chocolate, dapple (any of the solid colors with a merle‑like overlay), brindle, and various patterns of tan points. White markings are permissible only as small, well‑defined spots on the chest, toes, or tail tip.

Temperament Considerations

Miniature Smooth Dachshunds are intelligent and eager to please but possess a strong prey drive and a tendency toward independence. Their boldness can lead to stubbornness if training lacks consistency and positive reinforcement.

Training Essentials

• Socialization: Begin early (3‑14 weeks) with exposure to people, other dogs, and varied environments to mitigate timidity or excessive barking.
• Exercise: Short, frequent walks and play sessions; avoid high‑impact activities that stress the spine.
• Common challenges: Back‑related caution, digging instinct, and occasional aggression toward small animals. Use clicker or treat‑based methods to keep motivation high.

Daily Grooming

• Brushing: Light brush or rubber grooming mitt once or twice weekly to remove loose hair and distribute skin oils.
• Bathing: As needed (typically every 4‑6 weeks) with a mild dog shampoo; over‑bathing can dry the skin.
• Nail and dental care: Trim nails when they click on hard flooring; brush teeth several times weekly or provide dental chews.

Show Preparation

• Pre‑show grooming timeline: Bathe 24‑48 hours before the show, lightly brush the coat, and trim foot hair to a neat, uniform length.
• Ring presentation tips: Ensure the back is straight, the gait is level, and the coat shines. Use a light, non‑slicking spray to enhance gloss without weighing the coat down.

Common Health Issues

• Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD): Inherited predisposition due to elongated spine; recommend weight management and avoidance of stairs or jumping.
• Degenerative myelopathy: Rare but documented; genetic testing is advisable for breeding stock.
• Obesity: Miniature Dachshunds can gain weight quickly, exacerbating back problems.
• Dental crowding: Small mouth may lead to tartar buildup; regular dental checks are essential.

General Care

• Exercise requirements: Moderate daily activity (15‑30 minutes) plus mental enrichment.
• Nutritional needs: High‑quality small‑breed kibble, portion‑controlled to maintain a lean body condition.
• Lifespan considerations: Average 12‑16 years; regular veterinary exams and back‑protective measures can extend healthy years.