Dogue De Bordeaux

Origins and History

The Dogue de Bordeaux, often called the French Mastiff, traces its roots to ancient Molossian dogs used by the Romans. The breed was documented in France as early as the 14th century, serving as a guard, hunter of large game, and war dog. In the 19th century the breed was refined by French aristocracy, and the first breed standard was established by the Société Centrale Canine (SCC) in 1889. The Dogue de Bordeaux was admitted to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in Group 2, Section 2 (Mastiffs) and recognized by the AKC in the Working Group in 2021.

General Characteristics

• Powerful, compact, and heavily boned with a massive head and deep chest.
• Affectionate, loyal, and protective; can be reserved with strangers.
• Originally bred for guard, draft, and large‑game hunting; today excels in conformation and weight‑pull events.

Disclaimer: Information presented reflects current breed standards and general health data; individual dogs may differ.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 23‑27 inches (58‑69 cm); Females 22‑26 inches (55‑66 cm).
• Weight: Males 120‑155 lb (55‑70 kg); Females 100‑130 lb (45‑60 kg).

Coat and Color

• Short, dense, smooth coat with a glossy finish; no undercoat.
• Accepted solid colors: deep red, fawn, mahogany, and black, all with a black facial mask. White markings are not permitted.

Temperament Considerations

The Dogue de Bordeaux is strong‑willed and highly attached to its family. Early, consistent socialization is essential to prevent over‑protectiveness. The breed responds best to firm, patient leadership rather than harsh correction.

Training Essentials

• Begin socialization with a wide range of people, animals, and environments by 12 weeks of age.
• Provide daily mental and physical exercise; a minimum of 1‑2 hours of activity, including leash walks and controlled play.
• Common challenges include stubbornness and a tendency to “push” when excited; use positive‑reinforcement and clear boundaries.

Daily Grooming

• Brush the short coat once or twice weekly with a rubber grooming mitt to remove loose hair and distribute natural oils.
• Bath as needed; a full bath every 6‑8 weeks is sufficient unless the dog becomes excessively dirty.
• Trim nails regularly (every 3‑4 weeks), clean ears weekly, and brush teeth several times a week or use dental chews.

Show Preparation

• Bath the dog 24–48 hours before the show, followed by a thorough dry and light coat brushing.
• Clip nails to a uniform length and polish for a clean ring appearance.
• Clean ears and trim excess hair around the facial mask and tail base to highlight the breed’s characteristic silhouette.

Common Health Issues

• Hip dysplasia – recommended OFA or PennHIP screening.
• Elbow dysplasia – radiographic evaluation recommended.
• Gastric dilatation‑volvulus (bloat) – consider prophylactic gastropexy in at‑risk dogs.
• Cardiomyopathy (especially dilated type) – annual cardiac examination and echocardiogram.
• Skin fold dermatitis around the neck and facial folds – regular cleaning and monitoring.
• Entropion and cataracts – routine ophthalmologic exams (CERF).

General Care

• Exercise: Minimum 1‑2 hours of moderate activity daily; avoid excessive heat due to brachycephalic tendencies.
• Nutrition: Balanced diet formulated for large, active breeds; maintain optimal body condition to reduce joint stress.
• Lifespan: Typically 8‑10 years; regular veterinary preventive care can help maximize longevity.