Old English Sheepdog

Origins and History

The Old English Sheepdog, often called the "Bobtail," originated in the United Kingdom in the early 19th century. Developed from the large, rough‑coated herding dogs of the English countryside, it was used to drive cattle and sheep to market. The breed gained popularity in England and was introduced to the United States in the 1880s, where the American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized it in 1886. Its iconic shaggy coat and gentle temperament have made it a beloved family companion and a regular in conformation rings.

General Characteristics

• Size and build: Medium‑large, compact, and well‑balanced with a sturdy frame.
• Temperament highlights: Friendly, sociable, and eager to please, with a strong herding instinct.
• Primary breed purpose: Historically a livestock driver; today primarily a companion and show dog.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 21‑22 inches (53‑56 cm); Females 20‑21 inches (51‑53 cm).
• Weight: 60‑100 pounds (27‑45 kg), proportionate to height and build.

Coat and Color

• Texture and length: Dense double coat; outer hair long, coarse, and wavy; undercoat thick and soft. The coat should form a characteristic shaggy appearance without excessive matting.
• Accepted colors and patterns: Grizzle, blue, blue merle, sable, and combinations of these with white. Solid white is also permitted. All colors must be evenly distributed and free of solid patches of non‑standard color.

Temperament Considerations

Old English Sheepdogs are intelligent and eager to work, but they can be independent and occasionally stubborn. Their strong herding drive may cause them to chase moving objects or attempt to "gather" children and other pets. Early, consistent socialization is essential to channel this instinct positively.

Training Essentials

• Socialization requirements: Introduce to a variety of people, animals, sounds, and environments from 8 weeks onward.
• Exercise needs: Minimum 1 hour of moderate activity daily; enjoy walks, play, and mental enrichment.
• Common training challenges: Can be distractible by moving stimuli; may develop a "pulling" habit if not taught loose‑leash walking early.

Daily Grooming

• Brushing frequency and tools: Brush at least once daily with a slicker brush and metal comb to prevent matting; focus on the rear, ears, and underbelly.
• Bathing requirements: Bathe every 4‑6 weeks or as needed; use a mild dog shampoo to preserve natural oils.
• Nail and dental care: Trim nails weekly; brush teeth several times a week or provide dental chews.

Show Preparation

• Pre‑show grooming timeline: Begin a thorough brushing regimen 2‑3 weeks before the show; schedule a professional hand‑strip and trim 7‑10 days prior to the ring.
• Ring presentation tips: Maintain a uniform coat length (approximately 2‑3 inches) across the body, with slightly shorter “furnishings” on the ears, tail, and feet. Ensure the characteristic “shaggy” silhouette without excessive bulk or stray hairs.

Common Health Issues

• Hip dysplasia – screen hips via OFA or PennHIP at 12‑18 months.
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) – DNA test recommended for breeding stock.
• Cataracts and hereditary cataracts – regular ophthalmologic exams.
• Hypothyroidism – monitor for weight gain, lethargy, and coat changes.
• Gastric dilatation‑volvulus (bloat) – avoid rapid eating; consider raised feeders.

General Care

• Exercise requirements: Minimum 1 hour of daily activity; include both physical and mental stimulation.
• Nutritional needs: High‑quality balanced diet appropriate for the dog's life stage; maintain ideal body condition to reduce stress on hips and joints.
• Lifespan considerations: Average 10‑12 years; regular veterinary wellness exams help detect age‑related issues early.