Bearded Collie

Origins and History

The Bearded Collie, commonly known as the “Beardie,” traces its roots to the Scottish Highlands in the 16th‑17th centuries. Originally a versatile herding dog, it was used to drive cattle and sheep across rough terrain and to guard farms. The breed was refined by crossing local collies with the Old English Sheepdog and other long‑haired herding types, resulting in the distinctive shaggy appearance seen today. The first written standard appeared in the United Kingdom Kennel Club (UKKC) in 1907, and the breed was recognised by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1996.

General Characteristics

• Medium‑sized, athletic, slightly longer than tall with a balanced, rectangular outline
• Intelligent, exuberant, and eager to work; retains a strong herding instinct
• Originally bred for driving, gathering, and guarding livestock; today excels in obedience, agility, and companion roles

Physical Specifications

• Height (at withers): Males 22‑24 inches (55‑60 cm); Females 21‑23 inches (53‑58 cm)
• Weight: Generally 45‑55 lb (20‑25 kg); a well‑conditioned adult should have a lean, muscular build

Coat and Color

• Medium‑length double coat; harsh, weather‑resistant outer coat with a soft, dense undercoat; feathering on ears, legs, and tail
• Accepted colors: black, black & white, blue, blue merle, brown, brown & white, tricolor (black, white & tan), and white with tan points; all colors may exhibit a slight shading or “sable” effect

Temperament Considerations

Bearded Collies are highly social and thrive on human interaction. Their strong desire to please makes them responsive to positive reinforcement, yet their exuberant energy can lead to distractibility if not properly channeled.

Training Essentials

• Early, consistent socialisation with people, dogs, and varied environments is essential to prevent shyness or over‑excitement
• Daily vigorous exercise (minimum 1‑2 hours) combined with mental challenges such as puzzle toys or herding games
• Common challenges: tendency to become overly enthusiastic, occasional stubbornness when tasks lack clear purpose, and a need for regular mental stimulation to avoid destructive behaviours

Daily Grooming

• Brush the double coat at least once daily with a slicker brush or under‑coat rake to prevent matting and remove loose hair
• Bathing every 6‑8 weeks or as needed; use a mild, dog‑specific shampoo to preserve the natural oils
• Trim nails regularly; check ears weekly for debris and clean gently
• Dental care: brush teeth several times a week or provide dental chews to maintain oral health

Show Preparation

• Begin a structured grooming schedule 2‑3 weeks before the show: hand‑strip excess undercoat, trim feathering to the prescribed length, and clip the face to highlight the eyes
• Use a finishing spray to enhance coat shine; ensure the dog is dry and free of static before entering the ring
• Practice correct ring stance: the dog should stand square, with the tail carried high and the head held level, showcasing the breed’s elegant, slightly longer‑than‑tall silhouette

Common Health Issues

• Hip dysplasia – recommended screening via OFA or PennHIP by 2 years of age
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) – DNA test available; annual ophthalmic examinations advised
• Cataracts – may develop with age; regular eye checks recommended
• Hypothyroidism – monitor for weight gain, lethargy, and skin changes; blood panel screening as indicated
• Multidrug sensitivity (MDR1 gene mutation) – test before administering ivermectin, certain macrocyclic lactones, or chemotherapy agents

General Care

• Exercise: Minimum 1‑2 hours of vigorous activity daily; includes off‑lead runs, herding drills, or agility work
• Nutrition: High‑quality protein‑rich diet appropriate for the dog’s life stage; maintain a lean body condition to support joint health
• Lifespan: Typically 12‑14 years; regular veterinary wellness exams (annually after 7 years) help detect age‑related conditions early