Norwich Terrier

Origins and History

The Norwich Terrier originated in the early 19th century in the county of Norfolk, England. Bred as a versatile farm and hunting terrier, it was developed from the original small terriers used for vermin control and later refined by crossing with the Irish Terrier and other working terriers. The breed was officially recognized by the Kennel Club in 1932 and by the American Kennel Club in 1979. Originally called the “Cantab Terrier” or “Norfolk Terrier,” the name was changed to avoid confusion with the larger Norfolk Terrier.

General Characteristics

• Compact, well‑balanced, and muscular with a sturdy yet agile frame.
• Intelligent, lively, and affectionate; eager to please but can be independent.
• Originally bred for vermin hunting, today it excels as a companion and show dog.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 10‑11 inches (25‑28 cm); Females 9.5‑10.5 inches (24‑27 cm).
• Weight: 10‑12 lb (4.5‑5.5 kg) for both sexes.

Coat and Color

• Coat: Hard, dense, wiry, and weather‑resistant; length ½‑¾ inch, hand‑stripped or clipped.
• Accepted colors: Red, wheaten, black & tan (including shades of sable); white markings are not permitted.

Temperament Considerations

Norwich Terriers are energetic and bold, with a strong prey drive. Their confidence can translate into occasional stubbornness, so consistent, positive‑reinforcement methods work best.

Training Essentials

• Early socialization with people, other dogs, and varied environments to prevent timidity.
• Daily mental and physical exercise – at least 30‑60 minutes of brisk walks, play, or agility‑type activities.
• Challenges: Can become mouthy or chase small animals; leash training and recall should begin in puppyhood.

Daily Grooming

• Brush 2‑3 times per week with a stiff‑bristle brush to remove loose hair and prevent matting.
• Bath as needed; hand‑strip or clip the coat every 6‑8 weeks to maintain texture.
• Trim nails regularly (once a month) and brush teeth several times weekly.

Show Preparation

• Begin hand‑stripping 2‑3 weeks before the show; finish with a light trim 2‑3 days prior.
• Bath the day before the show using a gentle, hypoallergenic shampoo; dry thoroughly and brush to a smooth finish.
• Clean ears, check teeth, and polish nails the morning of the ring; present the dog with a clean, well‑conditioned coat and a confident gait.

Common Health Issues

• Patellar luxation (grade I‑III).
• Hip dysplasia – screening recommended by OFA or PennHIP.
• Eye disorders: cataracts, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA); annual ophthalmologic exam advised.
• Tracheal collapse and heart murmurs (pulmonic stenosis).
• Hypothyroidism and skin allergies.

General Care

• Exercise: Moderate daily activity; avoid excessive high‑impact work to protect joints.
• Nutrition: High‑quality balanced diet appropriate for small, active breeds; monitor body condition to maintain 10‑12 lb target weight.
• Lifespan: Typically 12‑15 years; regular veterinary check‑ups and preventative care extend longevity.