Biewer Terrier

Origins and History

The Biewer Terrier originated in Germany in the early 1980s when Mrs. Margaret Biewer began breeding tricolour Yorkshire Terriers with a focus on a permanent white base and black‑tan markings. The first Biewer puppies were shown in 1984 and the variety quickly gained popularity throughout Europe. The breed was formally recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 2009 (Group 3, Section 2) and by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 2021 as a distinct toy terrier.

General Characteristics

• Compact, square‑built toy terrier standing 7–8 inches (18–20 cm) at the withers.
• Silky, long coat with a distinctive white base and black‑tan accent points.
• Bright, alert temperament; lively, affectionate, and eager to please, yet can be independent.

Physical Specifications

• Height: 7–8 inches (18–20 cm) at the withers for both males and females.
• Weight: 4–6 lb (1.8–2.7 kg).

Coat and Color

• Coat: fine, straight to slightly wavy, long and feathered; should flow freely without harshness.
• Color: tricolour – a pure white base with well‑defined black and tan markings on the head, ears, paws, and tail. No solid or parti‑coloured dogs are accepted in the show ring.

Temperament Considerations

Biewer Terriers are intelligent and highly people‑oriented, which makes them quick learners, but their toy‑size confidence can turn into willful behavior if not guided early. They thrive on positive reinforcement and can become anxious when left alone for extended periods.

Training Essentials

• Early socialisation with people, children, and other dogs is essential to prevent over‑protectiveness.
• Daily mental and physical exercise – brief play sessions, puzzle toys, and short walks – satisfy their high energy level.
• Common challenges include a tendency toward “small‑dog syndrome” (excessive barking) and occasional stubbornness; consistent, reward‑based methods work best.

Daily Grooming

• Brush the coat at least once a day with a slicker brush and a metal comb to prevent matting.
• Bathing every 3–4 weeks or as needed; use a gentle, hypoallergenic shampoo to maintain the coat’s silkiness.
• Trim the nails weekly and brush the teeth several times a week; dental chews can aid in plaque control.

Show Preparation

• Begin a grooming regimen 2–3 weeks before a show: daily brushing, a full bath, and a professional hand‑trim of the feathering to the prescribed length.
• Form the characteristic “top‑knot” on the head and ensure the tail is carried high with a flowing plume.
• Present the dog on a clean, white base; the coat should be free of any debris and display a glossy finish.

Common Health Issues

• Patellar luxation – a hereditary knee joint condition common in small breeds; regular orthopedic checks are advised.
• Tracheal collapse – can cause a honking cough; maintain a healthy weight and avoid excessive excitement.
• Dental disease – the Biewer’s small mouth predisposes to plaque buildup; routine dental care is essential.
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) – an inherited retinal degeneration; DNA testing is available.
• Portosystemic liver shunt – rare but reported; screening via blood work and ultrasound is recommended for breeding stock.

General Care

• Exercise: 30–45 minutes of moderate activity daily, split into several short sessions.
• Nutrition: High‑quality small‑breed kibble or a balanced raw diet, portioned to maintain a lean body condition.
• Lifespan: Typically 14–16 years with proper care.

Disclaimer: Health information reflects conditions most commonly reported in the breed; individual dogs may vary and veterinary advice should be sought for specific concerns.