Japanese Spitz

Origins and History

The Japanese Spitz originated in Japan in the early 20th century. Breeders combined small white Spitz-type dogs such as the Samoyed, American Eskimo, and various local Japanese spitz varieties to create a compact, pure‑white companion. The breed was formally recognized by the Japan Kennel Club in 1932 and later by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1967. It entered the American Kennel Club (AKC) stud book in 1992.

General Characteristics

• Size and build: Small, well‑balanced, with a compact, sturdy frame and a slightly longer than tall proportion.
• Temperament highlights: Lively, alert, affectionate, and eager to please. Excellent family companion and good with children when properly socialized.
• Primary breed purpose: Originally a companion and watchdog; today primarily a show and family pet.

Disclaimer: Information provided is general and should be verified with official breed clubs and veterinary professionals.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 12‑13 inches (30‑33 cm); Females 11‑12 inches (28‑31 cm) – FCI: Males 30‑38 cm, Females 28‑36 cm.
• Weight: Males 12‑20 lb (5‑9 kg); Females 11‑18 lb (5‑8 kg).
• Body: Compact, square‑shouldered, deep chest, level topline, tail set high and carried over the back.

Coat and Color

• Coat: Double coat with a dense, soft undercoat and a straight, harsh outer coat about 1.5‑2.5 cm long.
• Texture: Outer coat should be glossy and lie flat; undercoat provides insulation.
• Accepted colors: Pure white only – any markings, cream, or off‑white are disqualifications in the show ring.

Temperament Considerations

The Japanese Spitz is intelligent and eager to work, yet can be sensitive to harsh corrections. Their strong desire to please makes them responsive to positive‑reinforcement methods. Early exposure to a variety of sights, sounds, and people helps prevent over‑protectiveness.

Training Essentials

• Socialization requirements: Begin at 8 weeks, introduce to other dogs, children, and different environments.
• Exercise needs: Moderate daily activity (30‑45 minutes) to satisfy their energetic nature without overstressing joints.
• Common training challenges: Tendency to bark at strangers; may become stubborn if training is inconsistent.
• Recommended methods: Clicker training, reward‑based games, and short, varied sessions to maintain focus.

Daily Grooming

• Brushing frequency and tools: Brush 1‑2 times daily with a slicker brush or pin brush to prevent matting of the double coat.
• Bathing requirements: Bathe every 4‑6 weeks or as needed; use a mild dog shampoo to preserve coat oils.
• Nail and dental care: Trim nails when they click on a hard surface; brush teeth 2‑3 times weekly.

Show Preparation

• Pre‑show grooming timeline: Begin daily brushing 2‑3 weeks before the show, schedule a professional hand‑strip or coat conditioning 7‑10 days prior, and perform a final bath 24‑48 hours before the event.
• Ring presentation tips: Ensure the coat lies flat and glossy, feet are clean and trimmed, and ears are neatly positioned. Maintain a relaxed, confident gait during the hand‑stand and movement.

Common Health Issues

• Patellar luxation (grades I‑III) – routine orthopedic screening recommended.
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) – DNA testing for carriers and affected dogs.
• Allergies (skin and food) – manage with diet trials and hypoallergenic shampoos.
• Hypothyroidism – annual blood work for early detection.
• Hip dysplasia – less common but X‑ray screening advisable for breeding stock.

General Care

• Exercise requirements: 30‑45 minutes of moderate activity daily; mental stimulation through puzzle toys and obedience work.
• Nutritional needs: High‑quality balanced diet appropriate for small to medium breeds; monitor calorie intake to avoid obesity.
• Lifespan considerations: Average 12‑14 years; regular veterinary check‑ups, dental care, and weight management support longevity.