Chow Chow

Origins and History

The Chow Chow originates from ancient China, with references dating to the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD). Bred as a versatile working dog, it served as a guard, hunter of small game, and sled puller in northern regions. The breed was introduced to the West in the late 19th century, first appearing in England in the 1860s and later recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1905.

General Characteristics

• Compact, square‑built body with a deep chest and a strong, level back.
• Reserved, dignified temperament; loyal to family but can be aloof with strangers.
• Originally a multi‑purpose farm and guard dog; today primarily a companion and show breed.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 17‑20 in (43‑51 cm) at the withers; Females 17‑19 in (43‑48 cm).
• Weight: Both sexes 45‑70 lb (20‑32 kg), proportionate to height and build.

Coat and Color

• Double coat: a soft, dense undercoat and a harsh, straight outer coat that forms a lion‑like mane around the neck.
• Accepted colors (per AKC/FCI): solid red, black, blue, cinnamon, and cream. The coat may have a slight sable shading but should be uniform without brindle or merle.

Temperament Considerations

Chow Chows are known for their independence and strong‑willed nature. They can be wary of strangers and may display a “cat‑like” aloofness, which requires patient, consistent handling.

Training Essentials

• Early socialization is critical to prevent shyness or aggression toward unfamiliar people and animals.
• Regular, short exercise sessions (30‑45 minutes) keep the dog mentally stimulated without overexertion.
• Positive‑reinforcement methods work best; harsh corrections may lead to fear‑based reactions.

Daily Grooming

• Brush the double coat 2‑3 times per week with a slicker or pin brush to remove loose hair and prevent matting.
• Bath as needed; avoid over‑bathing to preserve natural oils.
• Trim nails regularly and brush teeth weekly to maintain oral health.

Show Preparation

• Begin a grooming schedule 2‑3 weeks before the show: thorough brushing, footpad clipping, and ear cleaning.
• Do not trim the coat; the breed is shown in its natural length with a well‑presented mane.
• Ensure the dog is clean, dry, and free of debris before entering the ring; present a smooth, level gait.

Common Health Issues

• Hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia – screen with radiographs.
• Patellar luxation – regular orthopedic checks.
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and hereditary cataracts – ophthalmic screening recommended.
• Hypothyroidism and autoimmune disorders – routine blood work.
• Entropion (inward rolling eyelid) – early veterinary evaluation.
• Gastric dilatation‑volvulus (bloat) – be aware of large meals and rapid eating.

General Care

• Moderate exercise (daily walks, play) to maintain ideal weight and joint health.
• High‑quality protein diet appropriate for size and activity level; monitor calorie intake to prevent obesity.
• Average lifespan 9‑12 years; regular veterinary wellness exams help identify issues early.

These guidelines are general; always consult a veterinarian for breed‑specific health advice.